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Initial Treatment of Parkinson's Disease: An UpdateThis review touches on the clinical research into the benefits of exercise in PD, and briefly review some of the current studies for new formulations of levodopa and other medications and treatments with novel mechanisms of action. 04 May 2013
Levodopa changes the severity of freezing in Parkinson's diseaseAuthors evaluated the gait phenomenology of 20 Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait before and 60 min after a standardized levodopa dose using a rating scale based on the assumption that festination and akinetic freezing share a common pathophysiology. 03 May 2013
Two-stage association study and meta-analysis of mitochondrial DNA variants in Parkinson diseasePrevious associations between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD) have been inconsistent and contradictory. This study aim was to resolve these inconsistencies and determine whether mtDNA has a significant role in the risk of developing PD. 03 May 2013
The relationship between balance control and vitamin D in Parkinson's diseasea pilot studyThese findings support the hypothesis that vitamin D plays a role in balance among patients with Parkinson's disease and identify specific outcome measures for detecting effects of vitamin D upon balance. 02 May 2013
Pathological gambling in Parkinson's disease: Subthalamic oscillations during economics decisionsThe specific subthalamic neuronal activity during conflictual decisions in patients with pathological gambling supports the idea that the subthalamic nucleus is involved in behavioral strategies and in the pathophysiology of gambling. 02 May 2013
Time trends in incidence of Parkinson's disease diagnosis in UK primary careTo examine time trends and the influence of socio-demographic and geographic factors on incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) diagnosis in a large UK population-based cohort from The Health Improvement Network (THIN), a UK primary care database. 01 May 2013
Memantine for axial signs in Parkinson's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot studyConclusions: Memantine treatment was associated with lower axial motor symptom and dyskinesia scores but did not improve gait. These benefits must be confirmed in a broader population of patients. 01 May 2013
Safinamide reduces dyskinesias and prolongs l-DOPA antiparkinsonian effect in parkinsonian monkeysSafinamide and amantadine reduced LID in this primate model while only safinamide increased the duration of the antiparkinsonian response of l-DOPA, suggesting that safinamide may have effects on LID that are pharmacologically distinct from amantadine, which is in current clinical use for control of LID. 01 May 2013
Peripheral neuropathy in Parkinson's disease: Levodopa exposure and implications for duodenal deliveryProspective, large-scale, long-term studies are needed to clarify whether vitamin supplementation and routine use of a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor may help prevent PN in LCIG recipients and whether these measures should be routine practice in patients with PD on high-dose oral levodopa. 01 May 2013
Reduced α-synuclein levels in cerebrospinal fluid in Parkinson's are unrelated to clinical & imaging measures of disease severitConclusions: CSF α-synuclein levels are reduced in patients with PD compared with healthy controls. However, sensitivity and specificity indicate that α-synuclein will not suffice as a single biomarker. CSF α-synuclein levels do not correlate with measures of disease severity, including striatal dopaminergic deficit. 30 April 2013

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